The structure, light-emitting principle and advantages of LED car lights

Car lights are indispensable lighting equipment for night driving. With the continuous development of LED technology, more and more car manufacturers regard LED car lights as their first choice products. LED car lights refer to lamps that use LED technology as a lighting source inside and outside the vehicle. Exterior lighting equipment involves complex standards such as thermal limits, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and unloaded load testing. These LED car lights not only improve the lighting effect of the vehicle, but also create a more comfortable interior environment.

Structure of LED car lights The basic components of LED include gold wire, LED chip, reflective ring, cathode wire, plastic wire and anode wire.

The key part of LED is a chip composed of p-type semiconductor and n-type semiconductor. The structure formed between them is called pn junction. In the PN junction of some semiconductor materials, when a small amount of carriers recombine with most of the carriers, the excess energy is released in the form of light, converting electrical energy into light energy. When a reverse voltage is applied to the pn junction, a small amount of carriers is difficult to inject, so no light will be produced. This kind of diode based on the injection light-emitting principle is called a light-emitting diode, often referred to as LED.

The luminescence process of LED Under the forward bias of LED, carriers are injected, recombined and radiate out light energy. A semiconductor chip with tiny light energy is encapsulated in clean epoxy resin. When current passes through the chip, the negatively charged electrons move to the positively charged hole area. The two meet and recombine. The electrons and holes disappear at the same time and release photons. The larger the energy band gap (band gap), the higher the energy of the photons generated. The energy of photons is related to the color of the light. In the visible spectrum, blue and violet light have the highest energy, while orange and red light have the lowest energy. Because different materials have different band gaps, they can emit different colors of light. When the LED is in the forward working state (that is, forward voltage is applied), current flows from the anode of the LED to the cathode, and the semiconductor crystal emits light of different colors from ultraviolet to infrared. The intensity of light depends on the magnitude of the current. LEDs can be compared to hamburgers. The luminescent material is like the "meat patty" in the sandwich, and the upper and lower electrodes are like bread with meat. Through research on luminescent materials, people have gradually developed LED components with various light colors and higher luminous efficiency. Although LEDs have various changes, their luminous principles and structures have basically remained the same. Change. Jinjian Laboratory has established a testing line covering chips to lamps in the LED optoelectronics industry, providing one-stop solutions covering all aspects from raw materials to product applications, including failure analysis, material characterization, parameter testing, etc., to help customers improve the quality, yield and reliability of LED products.

Advantages of LED lights 1. Energy saving: By converting electrical energy directly into light energy, LED consumes only half of the power of traditional lamps, which helps reduce fuel consumption and avoid damage to car circuits due to excessive load current.

2. Environmentally friendly: The LED spectrum does not contain ultraviolet and infrared rays, has low heat generation, no radiation, and low glare. LED waste can be recycled, does not contain mercury, is pollution-free, and is safe to touch. It is a typical green lighting source.

3. Long life: There are no loose parts inside the LED lamp body, which avoids problems such as filament burning, heat deposition and light decay. Under appropriate current and voltage, the service life of LED can reach 80,000 to 100,000 hours, which is more than 10 times longer than that of traditional light sources. It has the characteristics of one-time replacement and lifelong use.

4. High brightness and high temperature resistance: LED converts electrical energy directly into light energy, generates less heat and is safe to touch.

5. Small size: Designers can change the lamp pattern at will to increase the diversity of car shapes. LED is favored by car manufacturers because of its own advantages.

6. High stability: LED has strong shock resistance, is encapsulated in resin, is not easy to break, and is easy to store and transport.

7. High luminous purity: LED colors are bright and bright, no lampshade is required to filter light, and the light wave error is less than 10 nanometers.